Selected Demographic Data of the Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. on Corn, Zea mays L. at Different Temperatures

Authors
A. Abotalebian 1
M. Haghani 2
H. Norbakhsh 3
H. Abbasipour 4
A. H. Toorani 4
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Islamic republic of Iran.
2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Islamic republic of Iran.
3 Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Chahar Mahal Va Bakhtiari, Shahrekord, Islamic republic of Iran.
4 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic republic of Iran.
Abstract
The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a serious pest of Poaceae plants, especially wheat and corn, in the world and in Iran. In this study, the demographic parameters of R. padi were determined at seven constant temperatures (8.5, 15, 20, 25, 27.5, 29 and 31±0.5 °C), 65±5% RH, and 14:10 (L: D) photoperiods on Zea mays L., KSC704 cultivar. The total lifespan, from birth to death, decreased with increasing the temperature from 8.5 to 29 °C, but the nymphal stage duration increased a little at 29 °C. The highest value of life expectancy (ex) was observed at 8.5 °C and at 31 °C, the nymphs died before reaching the adult phase. The percentage of survival for nymphal stages was highest at 15 and 25 °C, and the net reproductive rate (R0=23.671 female/generation) had the highest value at 15 °C. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rates of increase (λ) increased at the temperature interval of 8.5 to 25 °C. At this range, the doubling time (DT) and the mean generation time (T) decreased as the temperature increased. According to the highest value of rm (0.22 day-1) and λ (1.134day-1) and also the lower value of T (9.095 d) and DT (2.16 d), the temperature of 25 °C was determined as the optimal temperature and the data showed that the proper temperature range for growth and reproduction of this aphid was between 15-25 °C. The effect of temperature on reproduction, especially the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), of R. padi would be useful for predicting its long-term population fluctuation over several generations and establishing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies against this pest.

Keywords

Subjects

1. Abotalebian, A. 2011. The effect of Temperature on Biological Parameters of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Investigation of Its Population Dynamics on Corn (Zea mays L.). MSc. Thesis in Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, PP. 63-69.
2. Adams, V. T. 2007. Fecundity of the Aphid Rhopalosiphum padi on Selected Oregon Grasses. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University, USA.
3. Aleosfoor, M., Izadpanah, K., Mosadegh, M. S., Sadeghi, M. S., Afsharifar, A. R., Masoumi, M., Yasaii, M., Jokar, L. and Hayati, J. 2007. The Efficiency of Seven Clones of Rhopalosiphum padi in Transmission of Four Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV Isolates in Iran. Iran J. Plant Pathol., 43: 184-199.
4. Asin, A. and Pons, X. 2001. Effect of High Temperature on the Growth and Reproduction of Corn Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Implications for Their Population Dynamics on the Northeastern Iberian Peninsula. Ecol. Entomol., 30(6): 1127-1134.
5. Auad, A. M., Alves, S. O., Carvalho, C. A., Silva, D. M., Resende, T. T. and Veríssimo, B.A. 2009. The Impact of Temperature on Biological Aspects and Life Table of Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Fed with Signal Grass. Flo. Entomol., 92: 569-577.
6. Bale, J. 2002. Herbivory in Global Climate Research: Direct Effects of Rising Temperature on Insect Herbivores. Glob. Change Biol., 8: 1-16.
7. Birch, L. C. 1948. The Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase of an Insect Population. J. Anim. Ecol., 17: 15-26.
8. Blackman, R. L. and Eastop, V. F. 2000. Aphids on the World’s Crops: An Identification Guide. 2nd Edition, J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 414 PP.
9. Borer, E. T., Adams, V. T., Engler, G. A., Adams, A. L., Schumann, C. B. and Seabloom, E. W. 2009. Aphid Fecundity and Grassland Invasion: Invader Life History is the Key. Ecol. Appl., 19(5):1187-1196.
10. Bragg, D. 2011. Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid Bionomics in the Pacific Northwest. Washington State University, Pomeroy, WA.
11. Campbell, A., Frazer, B. D., Gilbert, N., Gutierrez, A. P. and Mackauer, M. 1974. Temperature Requirements of Some Aphids and Their Parasites. J. Appl. Ecol., 11: 431-438.
12. Chi, H. and Liu, H. 1985. Two New Methods for the Study of Insect Population Ecology. Bull. Inst. Zool. Acad. Sin., 24(2): 225-240.
13. Chi, H. 1988. Life-Table Analysis Incorporating Both Sexes and Variable Development Rates among Individuals. Environ. Entomol., 17(1): 26-34.
14. Chi, H. 2019. TIMING-MS Chart: A Computer Program for the Population Projection Based on Age–Stage, Two-Sex Life Table. (http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/ TIMING- MSChart. rar, Accessed 9 February 2019).
15. Goodman, D. 1982. Optimal Life Histories, Optimal Notation, and the Value of Reproductive Value. Am. Natur., 119(6): 803-823.
16. Dean, G. J. 1974. Effect of Temperature on Cereal Aphids Metopolophium dirhodum (Wlk.), Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Macrosiphum avenae (F.) (Hem., Aphididae). Bull. Entomol. Res., 63: 401-409.
17. De Barro, P. and Maelzer, D. 1993. Influence of High Temperatures on the Survival of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Irrigated Perennial Grass Pastures in South Australia. Aust. J. Zool., 41: 123–132.
18. Descamps, L. R. and Chopa, C. S. 2011. Population Growth of Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Different Cereal Crops from the Semiarid Pampas of Argentina under Laboratory Conditions. Chil. J. Agr. Res., 71(3): 390-394.
19. Dixon, A. 1987. Parthenogenetic Reproduction and the Rate of Increase in Aphids. In: “Aphids, Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control”, (Eds.): Minks, A. K. and Harrewijn, P. Elsevier, Wageningen, Netherlands, Vol. 2A, PP. 269–287.
20. Finlay, K. J. and Luck, J. E. 2011. Response of the Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) to Climate Change in Relation to Its Pest Status, Vectoring Potential and Function in a Crop–Vector–Virus Patho System. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 144(1): 405-421.
21. El Fatih, M. M., Mohammad, A. M. and Shehawy, A. A. 2015. Biological Aspects and Thermal Requirements of the Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) Reared on Wheat Seedlings. J. Plant Protec. Pathol-Mansoura Univ., 6(12): 1663–1670.
22. Elliot, N. C. and Kieckhefer, R. W. 1989. Effects of Constant and Fluctuating Temperatures on Immature Development and Age-Specific Life Tables of Rhopslaosiphum padi (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Can. Entomol., 121(2): 131-140.
23. FAO. 2016. FAOSTAT, Food Supply. Cited November 5, 2018. http:// www.fao.org/ faostat/ en/#data/QC. Favret C. Aphid Species File. Version, 5 (5.0). http:// Aphid. Species File.org. (Last Accessed 3 Sep 2016).
24. Huang, Y. B. and Chi, H. 2012. Age-Stage, Two-Sex life Tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a Discussion on the Problem of Applying Female Age-Specific Life Tables to Insect Populations. Insect Sci., 19(2): 263-273.
25. Karami, L., Shahrokhi, S., Rezapanah, M. and Shojai, M. 2010.Temperature Effects on Life History Traits of the Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Proceedings of the 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Tehran, Iran, 622 PP.
26. Karami, L., Amir-Maafi, M., Shahrokhi, S., Imani, S. and Shojai, M. 2016. Demography of the Bird Cherry-oat Aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Different Barley Varieties. J. Agr. Sci. Tech. (JAST), 18(5): 1257-1266.
27. Kieckhefer, R. W., Elliot, N. C. and Walgenbach, D. D. 1989. Effects of Constant and Fluctuating Temperatures on Developmental Rates and Demographic Statistics of the English Grain Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 82: 701-706.
28. Kuo, M. H., Chiu, M. C. and Perng, J. J. 2006. Temperature Effects on Life History Traits of the Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Corn in Taiwan. Appl. Entomol. Zool., 41(1): 171-177.
29. Kuroli, G. 1984. Laboratory Investigation of the Ontogenesis of Oat Aphis (Rhopalosiphum padi L.). Z. Angew. Entomol., 97(1-5): 71-76.
30. La Rossa, R., Vasicek, A., Mendy, P., Moreno Kiernan, A. Y. and Paglioni, A. 2005. Biología y Demografía de Diuraphis noxia (Mordv.), Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) Metopolophium dirhodum (Wlk.) Sobre Trigo en Condiciones de Laboratorio (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Bol. Soc. Entomol. Aragonesa, 36: 227-231.
31. Lykouressis, D. P. 1985. Temperature Requirements of Sitobion avenae (F.) Necessary for Ecological Studies, by as Sessing Methods for the Estimation of Instar Duration. J. Appl. Entomol., 100: 479-493.
32. Powell, G. and Hardie, J. 2000. Host-Selection Behavior by Genetically Identical Aphids with Different Plant Preferences. Physiol. Entomol., 25:54.62.
33. Rezvani, A. 2001. Key to the Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidinea) in Iran. 1st Edition, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ministry of Jihad-e Agriculture, 304 PP. (in Persian)
34. Rezvani, A. 2004. Aphids on Trees and Shrubs in Iran. Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, 270 pp.
35. Riedell, W. E., Kieckhefer, R. W., Langham, M. A. C. and Hesler, L. S. 2003. Root and Shoot Responses to Bird Cherry-Oat Aphids and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Spring Wheat. Crop Sci., 43: 1380-1386.
36. Sengonca, V. C., Hoffmann, A. and Kleinhenz, B. 1994. Investigations on Development, Survival, and Fertility of the Cereal Aphids Sitobion avenae (F.) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hom., Aphididae) at Different Low Temperatures. J. Appl. Entomol., 117: 224-233.
37. Taheri, S., Razmjou, J. and Rastegari, N. 2010. Fecundity and Development Rate of the Bird Cherry-Oat. Plant Prot. Sci., 46: 72-78.
38. Tang, Y. P., Shimizu, E., Dube, G. R., Rampon, C., Kerchner, G. A., Zhuo, M., Liu, G. and Tsien, J. Z.1999. Genetic Enhancement of Learning and Memory in Mice. Nature, 401: 63-69.
39. Tibshirani, R. J. and Efron, B. 1993. An Introduction to the Bootstrap. Monogr. Statist. Appl. Probab., 57: 1-436.
40. Villanuevab, J. R. andStrong, F. E. 1964. Laboratory Studies on the Biology of Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 57(5): 609.613.
41. Voegtlin, D. J. and Halbert, S. E. 1998. Variable Morph Production by Some North American Clones of Rhopalosiphum padi in Response to Reduced Photoperiod and temperature. In Aphids in Natural and Managed Ecosystems (Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Aphids), Universidad de Leon Secretariado de Publicaciones, 15–19 September 1997, Leon, Spain, PP. 309-315.
42. Zaidi, B. 1981. Ecological Studies of Three Cereal Aphid Species, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) and Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Barley at Werribee, Victoria, Australia. School of Biological Sciences. La Trobe University, Melbourne, 216 PP.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 22, Issue 1
January and February 2020
Pages 197-207