Physical and Biochemical Changes of Some Iranian Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill) Genotypes during Cold Storage

Authors
1 Department of Horticultural Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2 Horticultural Science Research Institute, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract
Quince fruit has many benefits to human health and is an excellent source of pectin for jellies and jam industry. The objective of the present research was to study fruit physio-chemical attributes of some quince genotypes at harvest and their changes during cold storage. The fruit of 15 genotypes were harvested at optimum maturity and stored for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days in cold storage and some parameters were measured. The range of 13.00-18.76% for Soluble Solid Content (SSC), 0.38-0.95% for titratable acidity, 2.55-3.75 for pH, 52.16-91.00 N for firmness, 0.89-0.98 g cm-3 for density, 255.39-349.56 mg 100 g-1 DM for carbohydrate, 7.28-23.02% for pectin and 11.66-33.30% for fruit fibers were observed across genotypes at harvest time. Negative correlations were found between weight loss and both firmness and density, while firmness had positive correlation with pectin and Ca content. Generally, significant changes (P≤ 0.05) for measured characters were observed across genotypes and during cold storage, but the rate of changes varied according to genotypes. It was found that each studied genotype had one or more unique character such as lowest weight loss in ‘Paveh 1’, highest fruit firmness retaining in ‘Marivan1’, highest pectin in ‘Marivan 1’ and highest SSC in ‘Marivan 2’, that are promising for fruit breeding in future programs.

Keywords


1. Alesiani, D., Canini, A., Abrosca, B. D., Dellagreca, M., Fiorentino, A., Mastellone, C. and Pacifico, S. 2010. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Phytochemicals from Quince (Cydonia vulgaris ) Peels. Food Chem. 118: 199–207.
2. Arzani, K. and Koushesh-Saba, M. 2005. Enhancement of Sultana Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Maturity by Pre-veraison Ethanol and Methanol Spray. Indian J Agric. Sci., 75: 670–672.
3. Bell, L. R. and Leitao, M. J. 2011. Cydonia. In: "Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources, Temperate Fruits", (Ed.): Kole, C. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, PP. 1–16.
4. Billy, L., Mehinagic, E., Royer, G., Renard, C. M. G. C., Arvisenet, G., Prost, C.and Jourjon, F. 2008. Relationship between Texture and Pectin Composition of Two Apple Cultivars during Storage. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 47: 315–324.
5. Clark, C. J., McGlone, V. A. and Jordan, R. B. 2003. Detection of Brownheart in “Braeburn”Apple by Transmission NIR Spectroscopy. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 28: 87–96.
6. Cosgrove, D. J., Bedinger, P. and Durachko, D. M. 1997. Group I Allergens of Grass Pollen as Cell Wall-Loosening Agents. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 94: 6559–6564.
7. DeEll, J. R., Khanizadeh, S., Saad, F. and Ferree, D. C. 2001. Factors Affecting Apple Fruit Firmness: A Review. J. Am. Pomol. Soc., 55: 8–26.
8. Dumanoglu, H., Gunes, N. T. and Aygun, A. 2010. Analysis of Clonal Variations in Cultivated Quince (Cydonia oblonga “ Kalecik ”) Based on Fruit Characteristics and SSR Markers. New Zeal. J. Crop Hortic. Sci., 37: 113–120.
9. Emami, A. 1996. Plant Analysis Methods. Iraninan Soil and Water Research Institute. Publication No. 928. (in Farsi)
10. Ferguson, I. B. 1984. Calcium in Plant Senescence and Fruit Ripening. Plant Cell Environ., 7: 477–489.
11. Fiorentino, A., D’Abrosca, B., Pacifico, S., Mastellone, C., Piscopo, V., Caputo, R. and Monaco, P. 2008. Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Antioxidant Polyphenols from Quince (Cydonia vulgaris) Peels. J. Agric. Food Chem., 56: 2660–2667.
12. Forni, E., Penci, M. and Polesello, A.1994. A Preliminary Characterization of Some Pectins from Quince Fruit (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) and Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus indica) Peel. Carbohydr. Polym., 23: 231–234.
13. Gautier, M. 1984. Pear and Apple Storage: Practical Advice. Arboric. Fruit., 31: 34–38.
14. Ghafir, S. A., Gadalla, S. O., Murajei, B. N. and E1-Nady, M. F. 2009. Physiological and Anatomical Comparison between Four Different Apple Cultivars under Cold-storage Conditions. Afr. J. plant Sci., 3: 133–138.
15. Gunes, N.T., 2008. Ripening Regulation during Storage in Quince (cydonia oblonga mill.) fruit. Acta Hortic 796: 191–196.
16. Hedge, J. E. and Hofreiter, B. T. 1962. In: "Carbohydrate Chemistry" 17, (Eds.): Whistler, R. L. and Be Miller, J. N. Academic Press, New York.
17. Jan, I. and Rab, A. 2012. Influence of Storage durition on Physico-chemical Chenges in Fruit of Apple Cultivars. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 22: 708–714.
18. Kader, A. A. 1996. Quince Recommendation for Maintaining Postharvest Quality. Dep. Pomol., Postharvest Technol. Res. Inf. Cent., Univ. California.
19. Khoubnasabjafari, M. and Jouyban, A. 2011. A Review of Phytochemistry and Bioactivity of Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.). J. Med. Plants Res. 5: 3577–3594.
20. Kovacs, E., Róth, E., Hertog, M. L. A. T. M., Vanstreels, E. and Nicolaï, B. 2005. Relationship between Physical and Biochemical Parameters in Apple Softening. Acta Hortic., 682: 573–578.
21. Legua, P., M. Serrano, P. Melgarejo, D. Valero, J. J. Martınez, R. Martınez, and F. Hernandez, 2013. Quality Parameters, Biocompounds and Antioxidant Activity in Fruits of Nine Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) Accessions. Sci Hortic., 154: 61–65.
22. Lee, S. C., Prosky, L. and DeVries, J. W. 1992. Determination of Total, Soluble and Insoluble Fiber Foods. Enzimatic-Gravimetric Method, Mes–Tris Buffer. Collaborative Study. J. AOAC, 75: 395–416.
23. Maguire, K. M., Lang, A., Banks, N. H., Hall, A., Hopcroft, D. and Bennett, R. 1999. Relationship between Water Vapour Permeance of Apples and Micro-cracking of the Cuticle. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 17: 89–96.
24. Mitropoulos, D. and Lambrinos, G. 2000. Dehydration of “Delicious Pilafa” and Granny Smith Apple during Storage. Proc. 2nd Agric. Engg. Natl. Cong., Giaxoudi-Giapouli, Volos, Greece, 1: 433–440.
25. Moradi, S., Koushesh Saba, M., Mozafari, A.A and Abdollahi, H. 2016. Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds Changes in Fruit of Quince Genotypes Over Cold Storage. J. Food Sci., 81(7), H1833-H1839.
26. Razavi, F., Arzani, K. and Vezvaei, A., 2000. Identification of local quince (Cydonia oblonga L.) genotypes in some parts of Isfahan province. Seed Plant, 15: 354–374.
27. Rivera-Lopez, J., Vazques-Ortiz, F. a., Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Sotelo-Mundo, R. R. and Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., 2005. Cutting Shape and Storage Temperature Affect overall Quality of Fresh-Cut Papaya Cv. “Maradol”. J. Food Sci., 70: 482–489.
28. Roussos, P.A., Sefferou, V., Denaxa, N.K., Tsantili, E. and Stathis, V. 2011. Apricot (Prunus arm eniaca L.) Fruit Quality Attributes and Phytochemicals under Different Crop Load. Sci. Hortic., 129: 472–478.
29. Ruck, J. A. 1969. Chemical Method of Analysis of Fruit and Vegetable Products. Research Station, Summerland BC, PP. 14-16.
30. Sharma, R., Joshi, V. K. and Rana, J. C. 2011. Nutritional Composition and Processed Products of Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.). Indian. J. Nat. Prod. Resour., 2: 354–357.
31. Silva, B. M., Andrade, P. B., Valentão, P., Mendes, G. C., Seabra, R. M. and Ferreira, M. A. 2000. Phenolic Profile in the Evaluation of Commercial Quince Jellies Authenticity. Food Chem., 71: 281–285.
32. Thomas, M., Guillemin, F., Guillon, F. and Thibault, J. F. 2003. Pectins in the Fruits of Japanese Quince (Chaenomeles japonica). Carbohydr. Polym., 53: 361–372.
33. Thomidis, T. and Michailides, Z. 2004. Documentation of Field and Postharvest Performance for a Mature Collection of Quince (Cydonia oblonga ) Varieties in Imathia , Greece. New Zeal. J. Crop Hortic. Sci., 32: 243–247.
34. Tu, K., Nicolaï, B. and De Baerdemaeker, J. 2000. Effects of Relative Humidity on Apple Quality under Simulated Shelf Temperature Storage. Sci. Hortic., 85: 217–229.
35. Van den Berg, L. 1981. The Role of Humidity, Temperature, and Atmospheric Composition in Maintaining Vegetable Quality during Storage. ACS Symp. Ser., 170: 95.
36. Veraverbeke, E.A., Verboven, P., Van Oostveldt, P. and Nicolaï, B. M. 2003. Prediction of Moisture Loss across the Cuticle of Apple (Malus sylvestris subsp. mitis (Wallr.) during Storage. Part 2. Model Simulations and Practical Applications. Postharvest . Biol. Technol., 30: 89–97.
37. Szychowski P. J., Munera-Picazo, S., Szumny, A., Carbonell-Barrachina, Á.A. and Hernández, F. 2014. Quality Parameters, Bio-compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Sensory Attributes of Spanish Quinces (Cydonia oblonga Miller). Sci. Hortic., 165: 163–170.
38. Wojdyło, A., Oszmiański, J. and Bielicki, P. 2013. Polyphenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) Activity of Quince (Cydonia oblonga miller) Varieties. J. Agric. Food Chem., 61: 2762–2772.