Response of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivars to Deficit Irrigation: Anatomical Changes and Catalase Gene Expression

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
H. Mohajjel Shoja 1
T. Khezriani 1
M. Kolahi 2
M. Kazemian 1
E. Mohajel kazemi 1
M. Yazdi 2
1 Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
10.22034/JAST.26.4.885
Abstract
Drought alters plant metabolic processes resulting in some changes at the anatomical and morphological levels. Experiments were conducted to determine the morphologic and anatomic responses of two cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., cultivars CaljN3 and Superstrain B) to different irrigation regimes [100, 75, 50, and 25% of Field Capacity (FC)]. Catalase 1 (CAT1) gene expression was investigated by real-time RT-qPCR and protein interaction studies in tomatoes. Drought stress caused an increase in the number of vessels in roots and stems of both cultivars. The diameter of vascular cylinders in roots of the control plants (both cultivars) was larger. Expression of the CAT1 gene did not show any significant difference in the CaljN3 cultivar under drought conditions. However, expression of the CAT1 gene indicated a significant increase in Superstrain B cultivar at the 50 and 25% FC treatments. The gene network showed that this protein interacts with superoxide dismutase, acyl-CoA oxidase, and glutathione peroxidase. CaljN3 cultivars and showed more tolerance than Superstrain B at all levels of drought treatment. Therefore, Superstrain B is considered a susceptible cultivar under drought conditions. This suggested that the defense against oxidative stress may initiate one step before the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Thus, tomato plant tries to fight the stress factor by activating proteins, especially channels, pumps, and some cellular messengers.

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 26, Issue 4
July and August 2024
Pages 885-896