Amir, S., Benlboukht, F., Cancian, N., Winterton, P., Hafidi, M. 2008. Physico-chemical analysis of tannery solid waste and structural characterization of its isolated humic acids after composting. J Hazard Mater, 160: 448–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.017
An, Q., Miao, Y., Zhao, B., Li, Z., Zhu, S. 2020. An alkali modified biochar for enhancing Mn2+ adsorption: Performance and chemical mechanism. Mater Chem Phys, 248: 122895. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATCHEMPHYS.2020.122895
Anderson, J.P.E., 1983. Soil Respiration, in: Methods of Soil Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 831–871. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c41
Awasthi, M.K., Duan, Y., Awasthi, S.K., Liu, T., Chen, H., Pandey, A., Zhang, Z., Taherzadeh, M.J. 2020. Emerging applications of biochar: Improving pig manure composting and attenuation of heavy metal mobility in mature compost. J Hazard Mater, 389: 122116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122116
Awasthi, M.K., Wang, Q., Chen, H., Wang, M., Ren, X., Zhao, J., Li, J., Guo, D., Li, D. sheng, Awasthi, S.K., Sun, X., Zhang, Z. 2017. Evaluation of biochar amended biosolids co-composting to improve the nutrient transformation and its correlation as a function for the production of nutrient-rich compost. Bioresour Technol, 237: 156–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.044
Babu, R., Prieto Veramendi, P.M., Rene, E.R. 2021. Strategies for resource recovery from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. CSCEE, 3: 100098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2021.100098
Barthod, J., Rumpel, C., Dignac, M.F. 2018. Composting with additives to improve organic amendments. A review. Agron Sustain Dev, 38: 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-018-0491-9
Behera, S., Samal, K. 2022. Sustainable approach to manage solid waste through biochar assisted composting. Energy Nexus, 7: 100121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100121
Bremner, J.M. 1996. Nitrogen total, in: Sparks, D. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3- Chemical Methods. SSSA Inc., Madison, WI, USA., p. 10851121.
Cataldo, D.A., Haroon, M.H., Schrader, L.E., Youngs, V.L. 1975. Rapid colorimetric determination of nitrate in plant tissue by nitration of salicylic acid. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal, 6: 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103627509366547
Chen, X., Du, Z., Liu, D., Wang, L., Pan, C., Wei, Z., Jia, L., Zhao, R. 2022. Biochar mitigates the biotoxicity of heavy metals in livestock manure during composting. Biochar, 4: 48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-022-00174-x
Chen, Y., Senesi, N., Schnitzer, M., 1977. Information Provided on Humic Substances by E4/E6 Ratios. SSSA, 41: 352–358. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1977.03615995004100020037x
Chen, Y.X., Huang, X.D., Han, Z.Y., Huang, X., Hu, B., Shi, D.Z., Wu, W.X. 2010. Effects of bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar on nitrogen conservation and heavy metals immobility during pig manure composting. Chemosphere, 78: 1177–1181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.029
Das, M., Uppal, H.S., Singh, R., Beri, S., Mohan, K.S., Gupta, V.C., Adholeya, A. 2011. Co-composting of physic nut (Jatropha curcas) deoiled cake with rice straw and different animal dung. Bioresour Technol, 102: 6541–6546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.058
Dehkhoda, A.M., Ellis, N., Gyenge, E. 2014. Electrosorption on activated biochar: Effect of thermo-chemical activation treatment on the electric double layer capacitance. J Appl Electrochem, 44: 141–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-013-0616-4
Haug, R. 1993. The practical handbook of compost engineering. CRC Press , Florida.
He, X., Yin, H., Han, L., Cui, R., Fang, C., Huang, G. 2019. Effects of biochar size and type on gaseous emissions during pig manure/wheat straw aerobic composting: Insights into multivariate-microscale characterization and microbial mechanism. Bioresour Technol, 271: 375–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.104
Hoornweg Daniel, Bhada-Tata Perinaz. 2012. What a Waste A Global Review of Solid Waste Management, World Bank. World Bank, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-018-0491-9
Janczak, D., Malińska, K., Czekała, W., Cáceres, R., Lewicki, A., Dach, J. 2017. Biochar to reduce ammonia emissions in gaseous and liquid phase during composting of poultry manure with wheat straw. Waste Manage, 66: 36–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.04.033
Jindo, K., Sonoki, T., Matsumoto, K., Canellas, L., Roig, A., Sanchez-Monedero, M.A. 2016. Influence of biochar addition on the humic substances of composting manures. Waste Manage, 49: 545–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.007
Jones Jr., J.B., Case, V.W. 1990. Sampling, Handling, and Analyzing Plant Tissue Samples, in: Westerman, R.L. (Ed.), Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. SSSA Inc., Madison, WI, USA., pp. 389–427. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser3.3ed.c15
Kim, Minsoo, Jeong, C., Kim, Minjeong, Nam, J., Shim, C., Shin, J. 2022. Evaluation of the Impact of Activated Biochar-Manure Compost Pellet Fertilizer on Volatile Organic Compound Emissions and Heavy Metal Saturation. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 19: 12405. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912405
Kononova, M.M., 1961. Soil organic matter, its nature, its role in soil formation and in soil fertility. Pergamon Press. Oxford.
Kuo, S. 1996. Phosphorus, in: Sparks, D. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis: Chemical Methods. Part 3-Chemical Methods. SSSA, ASA Inc., Madison, WI, USA, pp. 869–919.
Li, D., Manu, M.K., Varjani, S., Wong, J.W.C. 2023. Role of tobacco and bamboo biochar on food waste digestate co-composting: Nitrogen conservation, greenhouse gas emissions, and compost quality. Wast Manage, 156: 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2022.10.022
Li, R., Wang, Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, G., Li, Z., Wang, L., Zheng, J. 2015. Nutrient transformation during aerobic composting of pig manure with biochar prepared at different temperatures. Environ Technol, 36: 815–826. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2014.963692
Lin, X., Wang, N., Li, F., Yan, B., Pan, J., Jiang, S., Peng, H., Chen, A., Wu, G., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Huang, H., Luo, L. 2022. Evaluation of the synergistic effects of biochar and biogas residue on CO2 and CH4 emission, functional genes, and enzyme activity during straw composting. Bioresour Technol, 360: 127608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127608
Malińska, K., Zabochnicka-Światek, M., Dach, J. 2014. Effects of biochar amendment on ammonia emission during composting of sewage sludge. Ecol Eng, 71: 474–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.07.012
Manu, M.K., Wang, C., Li, D., Varjani, S., Xu, Y., Ladumor, N., Lui, M., Zhou, J., Wong, J.W.C. 2021. Biodegradation kinetics of ammonium enriched food waste digestate compost with biochar amendment. Bioresour Technol, 341: 125871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125871
Nguyen, M.K., Lin, C., Hoang, H.G., Sanderson, P., Dang, B.T., Bui, X.T., Nguyen, N.S.H., Vo, D.V.N., Tran, H.T. 2022. Evaluate the role of biochar during the organic waste composting process: A critical review. Chemosphere, 299: 134488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134488
Panwar, N.L., Pawar, A. 2020. Influence of activation conditions on the physicochemical properties of activated biochar: a review. Biomass Convers Biorefin, 12: 925–947. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-00870-3
Parra-Orobio, B.A., Soto-Paz, J., Hernández-Cruz, J.A., Gómez-Herreño, M.C., Domínguez-Rivera, I.C., Oviedo-Ocaña, E.R. 2023. Evaluation of Biochar as an Additive in the Co-Composting of Green Waste and Food Waste. Sustainability, 15: 7437. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097437
Qu, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Gao, L., Tian, Y. 2020. Biochar combined with gypsum reduces both nitrogen and carbon losses during agricultural waste composting and enhances overall compost quality by regulating microbial activities and functions. Bioresour Technol, 314: 123781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123781
Ren, X., Wang, Q., Awasthi, M.K., Zhao, J., Wang, J., Liu, T., Li, R., Zhang, Z. 2019. Improvement of cleaner composting production by adding Diatomite: From the nitrogen conservation and greenhouse gas emission. Bioresour Technol, 286: 121377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121377
Sánchez- Monedero, M.A., Roig, A., Cegarra, J., Bernal, M.P., Paredes, C. 2002. Effects of HCl–HF purification treatment on chemical composition and structure of humic acids. Eur J Soil Sci, 53: 375–381. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.2002.00464.x
Schinner, F., Öhlinger, R., Kandeler, E., Margesin, R. 2012. Methods in Soil Biology. Springer Science & Business Media.
Singh, B., Camps-Arbestain, M., Lehmann, J., CSIRO. 2017. Biochar : a guide to analytical methods. Csiro Publishing.
Steiner, C., Melear, N., Harris, K., Das, K. 2011. Biochar as bulking agent for poultry litter composting. Carbon Manag, 2: 227–230. https://doi.org/10.4155/cmt.11.15
Tabatabai, M.A. 1994. Soil Enzymes, in: Weaver, R.W., Angel, S., Bottomlet, P., Bezdicek, D., Smith, S., Tabatabai, A., Wollum, A. (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, 2nd Ed. SSSA, Inc, Madison Wisconsin, USA, pp. 775–833.
Vandecasteele, B., Sinicco, T., D’Hose, T., Vanden Nest, T., Mondini, C. 2016. Biochar amendment before or after composting affects compost quality and N losses, but not P plant uptake. J Environ Manage, 168: 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.11.045
Wang, Y., Hu, Y., Zhao, X., Wang, S., Xing, G. 2013. Comparisons of biochar properties from wood material and crop residues at different temperatures and residence times. Energy and Fuels, 27: 5890–5899. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef400972z
Wang, Z., Xu, Y., Yang, T., Liu, Y., Zheng, T., Zheng, C. 2023. Effects of biochar carried microbial agent on compost quality, greenhouse gas emission and bacterial community during sheep manure composting. Biochar, 5: 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-022-00202-w
Ye, S., Zeng, G., Wu, H., Liang, J., Zhang, C., Dai, J., Xiong, W., Song, B., Wu, S., Yu, J. 2019. The effects of activated biochar addition on remediation efficiency of co-composting with contaminated wetland soil. Resour Conserv Recycl, 140: 278–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.10.004
Zhang, L., Sun, X. 2014. Changes in physical, chemical, and microbiological properties during the two-stage co-composting of green waste with spent mushroom compost and biochar. Bioresour Technol, 171: 274–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.079
Zhao, S., Schmidt, S., Qin, W., Li, J., Li, G., Zhang, W. 2020. Towards the circular nitrogen economy – A global meta-analysis of composting technologies reveals much potential for mitigating nitrogen losses. Sci. Total Environ, 704: 135401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135401
Zucconi, F., Pera, A., Forte, M., De, B. 1981. Evaluating toxicity of immature compost. Biocycle, 22: 54–57.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology