Evaluation of Growth Indices, Quality Characteristics, and Source and Sink Relationships in Promising Rice Genotypes

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
M. Saraei 1
M. Moballeghi 1
M. Nasiri 1
M. Neshaee-Moghaddam 2
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2 Instructor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
10.22034/jast.25.5.1221
Abstract
Leaves are the most important photosynthetic sources in rice plant. In order to analyze growth indices and determine the contribution of leaves to grain filling, a study was carried out with nine genotypes and six levels of source limitations at grain filling stage in 2017-2018, at the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran. The experiment was carried out as a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications and placing the genotypes in the main plot and leaf cutting treatments in the sub- plots. The results showed that genotype 959 had the highest Leaf Area Index (LAI) at the flowering stage. The highest Crop Growth Rate (CGR) with 23.3 g m-2 and Net Assimilating Rate (NAR) with 7.5 g m-2 belonged to the genotype 952. Genotypes 957 and 959 had the highest number of tillers and genotype 952 had the highest yield. The results of combined analysis of variance revealed that leaf removal treatments had significant effects on 1000-grain weight, percent of filled grains and paddy yield per hill (P< 1% ). The comparison of means between two years showed that leaf removal treatment caused significant decrease in panicle length, grain length and number of filled and total number of grains per hill. The highest yield reduction of 47.7 and 46.5% occurred in treatment of complete leaf removal for genotypes 953 and 954, respectively. The most destructive level of leaf removal treatments was the removal of all leaves, two top leaves, all leaves except flag leaf, flag leaf and all leaves except upper two leaves which caused paddy yield losses of, respectively, 37.4, 20.2, 16.5, 14.1, and 9.4%, compared to the control (no removal of leaves) with 6133 kg ha-1. According to the results, about 90% of the carbohydrates needed by rice in the grain filling stage are provided by the upper two leaves in each rice plant.

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Subjects

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 25, Issue 5
September and October 2023
Pages 1221-1236