Design and Management of a Drip Irrigation System for an Optimum Potato Yield

Authors
D. Yavuz
N. Yavuz
S. Suheri
Department of Farm Structure and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different lateral spacings and wetting factors on the yield and yield components of drip-irrigated potato under the Middle Anatolian climatic conditions in Konya, Turkey. The experiments were carried out during the growth seasons of 2008 and 2009. The Russet Burbank potato variety was used as a plant material in this study. The irrigation design treatments consisted of two different lateral spacings (A1= 0.7 m and A2= 1.4 m) and three different wetting factors (P1= 1.0, P2= 0.5, and P3: A variable percentage of the wetted area depending on the lateral spacing). The results showed that the total amounts of applied irrigation water ranged from 297 to 625 mm and from 288 to 598 mm in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Considering the average yields for the two years, the highest tuber yield (50.87 t ha–1) was obtained from the A1P1 treatment, and the lowest tuber yield (27.37 t ha–1) was obtained from the A2P3 treatment. It was found that the different lateral spacings and wetting factors statistically affected the mean tuber weight, the number of tubers per plant, the tuber diameter, the tuber size, and the marketable tuber yield (P< 0.01). The highest Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Irrigation Water Use Efficiency (IWUE) calculated were 7.78 and 9.40 kg m−3, respectively,in the A1P3 treatment. A single lateral design for two crop rows resulted in less income than one lateral design for each crop row for drip-irrigated marketable potatoes.

Keywords

1. Ahmadi, S. H., Agharezaee, M., Kamgar, A. A. and Sepaskhah, A. R. 2014. Effects of Dynamic and Static Deficit and Partial Root Zone Drying Irrigation Strategies on Yield, Tuber Sizes Distribution, and Water Productivity of Two Field Grown Potato Cultivars. Agric. Water Manage., 134: 126-136.
2. Ayas, S. and Korukcu, A. 2010. Water-yield Relationships in Deficit Irrigated Potato. J. of Agric. Fac. of Uludag Univ., 24(2), 23-36.
3. Bozkurt, Y., Yazar, A., Gencel, B. and Sezen, M. S. 2006. Optimum Lateral Spacing for Drip-irrigated Corn in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Agric. Water Manage., 85: 113-120.
4. Çetin O. and Uygan, D. 2008. The Effect of Drip Line Spacing, Irrigation Regimes and Planting Geometries of Tomato on Yield, Irrigation Water Use Efficiency and Net Return. Agric Water Manage., 95: 949–958.
5. Doorenbos, J., Kassam, A.H., 1979. Yield Response to Water. Paper No. 33, FAO Irrigation and Drainage. Rome, 193 PP.
6. Erdem, T., Erdem, Y., Orta, H. and Okursoy, H. 2006. Water-Yield Relationships of Potato under Different Irrigation Methods and Regimens. Sci. Agric., (Piracicaba, Braz.) 63(3): 226-231.
7. Fabeiro, C., Martin de Santa Olalla, F. and De Juan, J. A. 2001. Yield and Size of Deficit Irrigated Potatoes. Agric. Water Manage., 48: 255–266.
8. FAO. 2012. Agriculture Production. See also: http://www.faostat.fao.org/faostat; (accessed 03.03.2014)
9. Ferreira, T. C. and Carr, M. K. V. 2002. Responses of Potatoes (Solanum Tuberosum L.) to Irrigation and Nitrogen in a Hot, Dry Climate. Field Crop. Res., 78(1): 51–64.
10. Foti, S., Mauromicale, G. and Ierna, A. 1995. Influence of Irrigation Levels on Growth and Yield of Potato cv. Spunta. Potato Res., 38: 307–318.
11. Howell, T. A., Cuence, R. H. and Solomon, K. H. 1990. Crop Yield Response. In: “Management of Farm Irrigation Systems”, (Eds.): Hoffman, G. J., Howell, T. A. and Solomon, K. H.. 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, MI, ASAE Monograph, 9: 993–122.
12. Kang, Y., Wang, F.X., Liu, H. J. and Yuan, B. Z. 2004. Potato Evapotranspiration and Yield under Different Drip Irrigation Regimes. Irrig. Sci., 23: 133-143.
13. Keller, J. and Bliesner, R. D. 1990. Sprinkle and Trickle Irrigation. Chapman and Hall, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 652 PP.
14. Lerna, A., Pandino, G., Lombardo, S. and Mauromicale, G. 2011. Tuber Yield, Water and Fertilizer Productivity in Early Potato as Affected by a Combination of Irrigation and Fertilization. Agric. Water Manage., 101: 35-41.
15. Onder, S., Çalışkan, M. E., Önder, D. and Çalışkan, S. 2005. Different Irrigation Methods and Water Stress Effects on Potato and Yield Components. Agric. Water. Manage., 73: 73-86.
16. Opena, G. B. and Porter, G. A. 1999. Soil Management and Supplemental Irrigation Effects on Potato. II. Root Growth. Agron. J., 91: 426–431.
17. Pannunzio, A., Roman, M., Brenner, J. and Wölfle, A. 2004. Economic Overview of Drip and Micro Irrigation Systems in Humid Regions. Proceeding of the VII World Citriculture Congress, International Society of Citriculture (ISC), Agadir, Marruecos, Riverside, California, 52 PP.
18. Panigrahi, B., Panda, S. N. and Raghuwanshi, N. S. 2001. Potato Water Use and Yield under Furrow Irrigation. Irrig. Sci., 20: 155–163.
19. Shahbazi, A., Jafarzadeh, A. A., Sarmadian, F., Neyshabouri, M. R., Oustan, S., Anaya-Romero, M. and De la Rosa, D. 2010. Climate Change Impact on Bioclimatic Deficiency, Using MicroLEIS DSS in Ahar Soils. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 12: 191-201.
20. Sharma, S. K., Dixit, R. S. and Tripathi, H. P. 1993. Water Management in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.). Indian J. Agron., 38: 68–73.
21. Shock, C. C., Feibert, E. B. G. and Saunders, L. D. 2003. ‘Umatilla Russet’ and ‘Russet Legend’ Potato Yield and Quality Response to Irrigation. Hort. Sci., 38: 1117-1121.
22. Stylianou,Y. and Orphanos, P. I. 1981. Irrigation of Potatoes by Sprinkler or Trickles on the Basis of Pan Evaporation in a Semi-arid Region. Am. J. Potato Res., 24: 159–170.
23. Ünlü, M., Kanber, R., Şenyiğit, U., Onaran , H. and Diker, K. 2006. Trickle and Sprinkler Irrigation of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) in the Middle Anatolian Region in Turkey. Agric. Water. Manage., 79: 43-47.
24. Walworth, J. L. and Carling, D. E. 2002. Tuber Initiation and Development in Irrigated and non-Irrigated Potatoes. Am. J. Potato Res., 79: 387–395.
25. Wright, J. L. and Stark, J. C. 1990. Potato. In “Irrigation of Agricultural Crops”, (Eds.): Stewart, A. and Nielsen, D. R. ASA-CSSASSSA, Madison, WI, Agron. Monogr., 30: 859–888.
26. Yavuz, D. 2011. Comparison of Different Irrigation Methods in term of Water Use, Yield and Energy Consumption in Potato Cultivation. PhD. Thesis, Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Selcuk Univ., Turkey, 117 PP. (in Turkish, with English Abstract).
27. Yavuz, D., Kara, M. and Suheri, S. 2012. Comparison of Different Irrigation Methods in terms of Water Use and Yield in Potato Farming. J. Selcuk Univ. Nat. Appl. Sci., 2: 1-12
28. Yildirim, O. 2003. Designing of Irrigation Systems. Publication No.: 1536/489, in Turkish, Agric. Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara. 348 PP.
29. Yılmaz, G. 1993. Bazı Patates Ceşit ve Hatlarında Genotip×Cevre Etkileşimleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, GOÜ, Tokat, 212 PP.
30. Yuan, B. Z., Nishiyama, S. and Kang, Y. 2003. Effects of Different Irrigation Regimes on the Growth and Yield of Drip Irrigated Potato. Agric. Water Manage., 63: 153–167.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 18, Issue 3
May and June 2016
Pages 817-830