Effect of Paternal Genotypes Sprays with BA and IAA Concentration on Embryo Rescue of F1 Progenies from 'Askari' (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivar

Authors
M. Razi 1
R. Jalili Marandi 1
H. Doulati Baneh 2
B. Hosseini 1
R. Darvishzadeh 3
1 Department of Horticulture, Urmia University, P. O. Box: 165, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2 Department of Seed and Plant Improvement, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, P. O. Box: 365, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran.
3 Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract
The major objective of seedless grape breeding program is production of grapes with high quality. Breeding of seedless grapes is difficult because the embryos are aborted after fertilization. Embryo rescue technique is utilized to obtain plants from crosses between seedless cultivars. In the present study, the effect of paternal genotypes and different IAA concentrations in presence of BA applications were investigated on embryo rescue in Askari cultivar in randomized complete block design with three replications. Sprays with BA were performed two times at 18 E-L and 27 E-L stages. Hybrid embryos were produced from the cross between Askari cultivar as a female parent and Ruby Seedless, Bidane Sefid, and Bidane Ghermez as male parents. Forty days after pollination (at 29 E-L stage), ovules were cultured on NN medium with three different concentrations of IAA (1, 1.75, 3 mg L-1). The results showed that male genotypes and different concentrations of IAA on the media had a significant effect on embryo germination. BA treatment did not affect the embryo germination solely. But, the effect of BA and different concentrations of IAA was significant on embryo germination. The best concentration of IAA with BA treatment was 1 mg L-1 and without BA was 3 mg L-1. The highest embryo germination rate was observed in 'Askari×Ruby Seedless' cross that was pretreated with BA and cultured on medium with 1 mg L-1 IAA concentration.

Keywords

1. Abbas, E. S., Bondok, S. A. and Rizk, M. H. 2006. Effect of Bio and Nitrogen Mineral Fertilizers on Growth and Berry Quality of Ruby Seedless Grapevines. J. Agric. Sci., Mansoura Univ., 31: 4565-4577.
2. Bouquet, A. and Donglot, Y. 1996. Inheritance of Seedlessness in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Vitis., 35: 35- 42.
3. Aguero, C., Riquelme, C. and Tizio, R. 1995. Embryo Rescue from Seedless Grapevine (V. vinifera L.) Treated with Growth Retardant. Vitis., 34: 46-73.
4. Atkins, C. A., Emery, R. J. and Ma, Q. 1998. Cis and Trans Isomers of Cytokinins in Seed Development of Lupin. Abstract, No. 585, Plant. Biol. Electronic Abstract Center.
5. Bharathy, P. V., Karibasappa, G. S., Biradar, A. B., Kulkarni, D. D., Solanke, A. U., Patil, S. G. and Agrawal, D. C. 2003. Influence of Pre-bloom Sprays of Benzyladenine on In vitro Recovery of Hybrid Embryos from Crosses of Thompson Seedless and 8 Seeded Varieties of Grape (Vitis spp.). Vitis., 4: 199-202.
6. Bharathy, P. V., Karibasappa, G. S. and Patil, S. G. 2005. In Ovulo Rescue of Hybrid Embryos in Flame Seedless Grapes: Influence of Pre Bloom Sprays of Benzyladenine. Sci. Hort., 106: 353-359.
7. Barlass, S. M., Ramming, D. W. and Davis, H. P. 1988. In Ovulo Embryo Culture: A Breeding Technique to Rescue Seedless×Seedless Table Grape Crosses. Grapegrower Winemaker, 292: 123-125.
8. Burger, P. and Goussard, P. G. 1996. In vitro Culture of Ovules and Embryos from Seedless Grape (Vitis vinifera L.). S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 17: 31-37.
9. Cain, D. W., Emershad, R. L. and Tarailo, R. E. 1983. In Ovule Embryo Culture and Seedling development of Seeded and Seedling Development of Seeded and Seedless Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Vitis., 22: 9-14.
10. Emershad, R. L. and Ramming, D. W. 1984. In Ovulo Embryo Culture of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tompson Seedless. Amer. J. Bot., 71: 873-877.
11. Galleta, G. G. and Himlric, D. G. 1989. Small Fruit Crop Management. Prentice Hall, Career and Technology, 602 PP.
12. Gray, D. J., Fisher, L. C. and Mortensen, J. A. 1987. Comparison of Methodologies for in Ovulo Embryo Rescue of Seedless Grapes. Hort. Sci., 22: 1334–1335.
13. Gray, D. J., Mortensen, J. A. and Benton, C. M. 1990. Ovule Culture to Obtain Progeny from Hybrid Seedless Bunch Grapes. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 115: 1019–1024.
14. Gribaudo, I., Zanetti, R., Botta, R., Vallania, R. and Eynard, I. 1993. In Ovulo Embryo Culture of Stenospermocarpic Grapes. Vitis., 32: 9-14.
15. Huang, W. D., Zhang, P. and Li, W. Q. 2002. The Effect of 6-BA on the Fruit Development and Transportation of Nitrogen Assimilates in Grape. Acta Hort. Sin., 29: 303-306.
16. Jalili Marandi, R. 2012. Small Fruits. Third Edition 2010, Jahad-e-Daneshgahi, Urmia, 280 PP.
17. Kovaleva, L. V., Smirnova, N. K. and Milyyaeva, E. L. 1997. Seedlessness: Structure and Metabolic Activity of Vitis vinifera L. Female Gametophyte (cv. Kishmish Chernyi). Russ. J. Plant Physiol., 44: 368-373.
18. Liu, S. M., Sykes, R. and Clingeleffer, R. 2003. Improved in Ovule Embryo Culture for Stenospermocarpic Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 54: 869-876.
19. Nookaraju, A., Barreto, M. S., Karibasappa, G. S. and Agrawal, D. C. 2007. Synergistic Effect of CPPU and Benzyladenine on Embryo Rescue in Six Stenospermocarpic Cultivars of Grapevine. Vitis., 46: 188-191.
20. Notsuka, K., Tsuru, T. and Matsumoto, R. 1992. Somatic Embryo Production from Unfertilized Ovules of a Grape Cultivar 'Neo Moscat'. Abstract, Japan. Soc. Horti. Sci., Autumn Meet, PP. 98-99.
21. Pandy, S. N. 1982. Establishment of Vineyard. In: "The Grape in India", (Eds.): Pandy, R. M. and Pandy, S. N.. Indian Council of Agric Cultural Research, New Delhi, India, 42PP.
22. Ponce, M. and Tizio, R. 2002. Brief Note Improved In vitro Embryo Development of Stenospermic Grape by Putrescine. Biocell., 26: 263-266.
23. Samaan, L. G., Taha, M. W., Hassan, A. H. and El-Boraey, M. S. 1981. Pollination and Serological Studies on Egyptian Grapes. Vitis., 20: 293-301.
24. Spiegel-Roy, P., Sahar, N., Baron, J. and Lavi, V. 1985. In vitro Culture and Plant Formation from Grape Cultivars with Abortive Ovules and Seeds. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 110: 109–112.
25. Tang, D., Wang, Y., Cai, J. and Zhao, R. 2009. Effect of Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators on the Development of Ovule and Subsequent Embryo Rescue of Stenospermic Grape (Vitis vinifera. L). Sci. Hort., 120: 51-57.
26. Tian, L. L., Wang, Y. J., Niu, L. and Tang, D. M. 2008. Breeding of Disease-resistant Seedless Grape Using Chinese Wild Vitis spp. I. In vitro Embryo Rescue and Plant Development. Sci. Hort., 117: 136-141.
27. Valdez, J. G. and Ulanovsky, S. M. 1997. In vitro Germination of Stenospermic Seeds from Reciprocal Crosses (Vitis vinifera L.) Applying Different Techniques. Vitis., 36: 105-107.
28. Valdez, J. G. 2005. Immature Embryo Rescue of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) after an Extended Period of Seed Trace Culture. Vitis., 44: 17–23.
29. Winkler, A. J., Cook, J. A., Kliewer, W. M. and Lider, L. A. 1997. General Viticulture. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles,430PP.
30. Yang, D., Li, W., Li, S., Yang, X., Wu, J. and Cao, Z. 2007. In vitro Embryo Rescue Culture of F1 Progenies from Crosses between Diploid and Tetraploid Grape Varieties. Plant Growth Regul., 51: 63–71.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 15, Issue 5
September and October 2013
Pages 1023-1031