Effectiveness of Clodinafop-Propargyl, Haloxyfop-p-methyl and Difenzoquat-methyl-sulfate Plus Adigor® and Propel™ Adjuvants in Controlling Avena ludoviciana Durieu.

Authors
H. Hammami
A. Aliverdi
M. Parsa
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Various adjuvants carry out different functions depending on the herbicides types and the target species. Outdoor pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of three post-emergence herbicides, namely, clodinafop-propargyl, haloxyfop-p-methyl, and difenzoquat-methyl-sulfate, as influenced by two adjuvants, on wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu.) control. The study was carried out at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, during 2010. The applied adjuvants were Adigor® and Propel™, registered and sold for use with pinoxaden and tralkoxydim herbicides, respectively, at 0.1 and 0.2% (v/v). These two adjuvants in tank-mixture with the tested herbicides were completely compatible physically and resulted in improvement in controlling wild oats. When Propel™ was added to all three herbicides, herbicidal activity was higher than when Adigor® was added. With increasing adjuvant concentrations, the performance of the tested herbicides increased significantly. In general, the benefit of the two adjuvants appeared greater for clodinafop-propargyl than for the other herbicides. The performance against wild oat of clodinafop-propargyl, haloxyfop-p-methyl, or difenzoquat-methyl-sulfate plus Propel™ at 0.2% was higher by 2.92, 1.42, and 1.67 times, respectively, compared with the use of those herbicides without adjuvants. This result may be related to differences in the physio-chemical characteristics of the tested herbicides. Overall, use of Propel™ with clodinafop-propargyl is recommendable.

Keywords

1. Aliverdi A., Rashed-Mohassel, M. H., Zand, E. and Nassiri-Mahallati, M. 2009. Increased Foliar Activity of Clodinafoppropargyl and/or Tribenuron-methyl by Surfactants and Their Synergistic Action on Wild Oat (Avena ludoviciana) and Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis). Weed Bio. Manage., 9: 292-299.
2. Anonymous. 2008. Propel™ Adjuvant. www.genfarm.com
3. Anonymous. 2005. Adigor® Adjuvant. www.patersongrain.com
4. Collins, R. T. and Helling, C. S. 2002. Surfactant Enhanced Control of Two Erythroxylum Species by Glyphosate. Weed Technol., 16: 851-859.
5. DeRuiter, H., Uffing, A.J.M. and Meinen, E. 1997. Influence of Emulsifiable Oils and Emulsifier on the Performance of Phenmedipham, Metoxuron, Sethoxydim, and Quizalofop. Weed Technol., 11: 290-297.
6. Hammami, H., Rashed-Mohassel, M. H. and Aliverdi, A. 2011. Surfactant and Rainfall Influenced Clodinafop-propargyl Efficacy to Control Wild Oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu.). Aust. J. Crop Sci., 5: 39-43.
7. Hazen, J. L. 2000. Adjuvants Terminology, Classification and Chemistry. Weed Technol., 14: 773-784.
8. Jordan, D. L., Burns, A. B., Barnes, C. J., Barnett, W. and Herrick, J. K. 1997. Influence of Adjuvants and Formulation on Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Control with Propanil in Rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Technol., 11: 762-766.
9. Jordan, D. L., Vidrine, P. R., Griffin, J. L. and Reynolds, D. B. 1996. Influence of Adjuvants on Efficacy of Clethodim. Weed Technol., 10: 738-743.
10. Kammler, K. J., Walters, S. A. and Young, B. G. 2010. Effects of Adjuvants, Halosulfuron, and Grass Herbicides on Cucurbita spp. Injury and Grass Control. Weed Technol., 24: 147-152.
11. Keeley, S. J., Branham, B. E. and Penner, D. 1997. Adjuvant Enhancement of Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Control with Dithiopyr. Weed Sci., 45: 205-211.
12. Kudsk, P. 1997. Formulation and Adjuvants. In: "Weed Science Compendium", (Eds.): Jensen, J. E., Streibig, J. C. and Andreasen, C.. KVL, Copenhagen, PP. 99-116.
13. Matysiak, R. and Nalewaja, J. D. 1999. Temperature, Adjuvants, and UV Light Affect Sethoxydim Phytotoxicity. Weed Technol., 13: 94-99.
14. Mack, R. E., Volgas, G. C., Roberts, J. R., Thomas, J. and Underwood, A. K. 1995. Effects of Several Adjuvant Classes on Two Herbicides for Weed Control. In: "Proceeding 4th International Symposium on Adjuvants for Agrochemicals", (Ed.) Gaskin, E.. Melbourne, PP. 448-453.
15. Manthey, F. A., Nalewaja, J. D. and Szeleziank, E. F. 1989. Esterifed Seed Oils with Herbicides. In: "Adjuvants and Agrochemicals", (Eds.): Chow, P. N. P., Ggrant, C. A., Hinshalwood, A. M. and Simundsson, E.. CRC Press, Boca Roton, FL, II. 139-148.
16. McMullan, P. M., Harker, K. N., Blanckshaw, R. E., Volgas, G. C. and Roberts, J. R. 1995. Effect of Methyl Ester Composition and Phosphate Ester on Tralkoxydim and Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. In: "Proceeding 4th International Symposium on Adjuvants for Agrochemicals, Melbourne", (Ed.): Gaskin, E.. Melbourne, PP. 426-431.
17. Nandula, V. K., Curran, W. S., Roth, G. W. and Harting, N. L. 1995. Effectiveness of Adjuvants with Nicosulfuron and Primisulfuron for Wirestem Muhly (Muhlenbergia frondosa) Control in No-till Corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol., 9: 525-530.
18. Nalewaja, J. D., Praczyk, T. and Matysiak, R. 1995. Surfactants and Oils Adjuvants with Nicosulfuron. Weed Technol., 9: 689-695.
19. Nielsen, O. K., Ritz, C. H. and Streibig, J. C. 2004. Nonlinear Mixed Model Regression to Analyze Herbicide Dose-response Relationships. Weed Technol., 18: 30-37.
20. Pannacci, E., Mathiassen, S. K. and Kudsk, P. 2010. Effect of Adjuvants on the Rainfastness and Performance of Tribenuron-methyl on Broad-leaved Weeds. Weed Biol. Manag., 10: 126-131.
21. Rashed-Mohassel, M. H., Aliverdi, A., and Ghorbani, R. 2009. Effects of a Magnetic Field and Adjuvant in the Efficacy of Cycloxydim and Clodinafop-Propargyl on the Control of Wild Oat (Avena fatua). Weed Biol. Manage., 9: 300-306.
22. Rashed-Mohassel, M. H., Aliverdi, A. and Rahimi, S. 2011. Optimizing Dosage of Sethoxydim and Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl with Adjuvants to Control Wild Oat. Ind. Crop. Prod., 34: 1583-1587.
23. Ritz, C., Cedergreen, N., Jensen, J. E. and Streibig, J. C. 2006. Relative Potency in Nonsimilar Dose-response Curves. Weed Sci., 54: 407-412.
24. Robinson, R. G. and Nelson, W. W. 1975. Vegetable Oil Replacements for Petroleum Oil Adjuvants in Herbicide Sprays. Econ. Bot., 29: 146-151.
25. Sharma, S. D. and Singh, M. 2000. Optimizing Foliar Activity of Glyphosate on Bidens frondosa and Panicum maximum with Different Adjuvant Types. Weed Res., 40: 523-533.
26. Sheibani, S. and Ghadiri, H. 2012. Integration Effects of Split Nitrogen Fertilization and Herbicide Application on Weed Management and Wheat Yield. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 14: 77-86
27. Starke, R. J., Renner, K. A., Penner, D. and Roggenbuck, F. C. 1996. Influence of Adjuvants and Desmedipham Plus Phenmedipham on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and Sugarbeet Response to Triflusulfuron. Weed Sci., 44: 489-495.
28. Strahan, R. E., Griffin, J. L., Jordan, D. L. and Miller, D. K. 2000. Influence of Adjuvants on Itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Nicosulfuron and Primisulfuron. Weed Technol., 14: 66-71.
29. Tonks, D. J. and Eberlein, C. V. 2001. Postemergence Weed Control with Rimsulfuron and Various Adjuvants in Potato (Solanum tuberosum). Weed Technol., 15: 613-616.
30. Young, B. G. and Hart, S. E. 1998. Optimizing Foliar Activity of Isoxaflutole on Giant Foxtill (Setaria faberi) with Various Adjuvants. Weed Sci., 46: 397-402.
31. Zawierucha, J. E. and Penner, D. 2001. Adjuvant Efficacy with Quinclorac in Canola (Brassica napus) and Turf Grass. Weed Technol., 15: 220-223.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 16, Issue 2
March and April 2014
Pages 291-299