Physiological and biochemical responses of four genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under salt stress

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
Z. Azimychetabi
M. Sabokdast
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran
Abstract
This investigation was conducted to determine the effects of salinity stress on some physiological and biochemical parameters of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Three levels of NaCl (0, 100, and 200 mM) were applied to four common bean genotypes. In the subsequent steps, chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage index (ELI), Na+ and K+ concentrations, the K/Na ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total protein content, and proline concentration were determined and compared. Moreover, the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) were analyzed. Content of Chl a, Chl b and carotenoid decreased by increasing the intensity of salinity stress along with the SPAD value. RWC dropped and ELI incremented by augmenting salinity together with the K/Na ratio. The results revealed that MDA and proline concentrations significantly increased under the mentioned conditions. Activities of antioxidant defense enzymes were altered notably. Total protein content mitigated under salt stress. Jules and 201 were detected as tolerant genotypes during this experiment.

Keywords

Subjects

[1] Arzani, A. and Ashraf M. 2016. Smart Engineering of Genetic Resources for Enhanced Salinity Tolerance in Crop Plants. CRC. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 35: 146–189.
[2] De Azevedo Neto, A. D., Prisco, J. T., Enéas-Filho, J., De Abreu, C. E. B., and Gomes-Filho, E. 2006. Effect of salt stress on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive maize genotypes. Environ. Exp. Bot., 56: 87–94.
[3] Szabados, L. and Savouré A. 2010. Proline: a multifunctional amino acid. Trends Plant Sci., 15: 89–97.
[4] Mudgal, V., Madaan N. and Mudgal, A. 2010. Biochemical mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants: a review. International Journal of Botany, 6: 136–143.
[5] Sabokdast, M., Dashtaki, M., Sassani, J. 2017. Effect of drought stress on some agronomic characteristics, grain yield and its components in bean genotypes. Iran. J. F. Crop Sci., 48: 1201–1209.
[6] Sabokdast, M., Dashtaki, M., Sassani, J. 2019. Evaluation of Responses of common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) genotypes to Drought Stress Using Different Stress Tolerance Indices. Iran. J. F. Crop Sci., 50: 1–9.
[7] Mbadi, S. H., Alipour, Z. T., Asghari, H. and Kashefi, B. 2015. Effect of the salinity stress and arbuscular mycorhizal fungi ( AMF ) on the growth and nutrition of the Marigold ( Calendula officinalis ), 6: 215–219.
[8] Pieczynski, M., Marczewski, W., Hennig, J., Dolata, J., Bielewicz, D., Piontek, P., Wyrzykowska, A., Krusiewicz, D., Strzelczyk-Zyta, D., Konopka-Postupolska, D., Krzeslowska, M., Jarmolowski, A. and Szweykowska-Kulinska, Z. 2013. Down-regulation of CBP80 gene expression as a strategy to engineer a drought-tolerant potato. Plant Biotechnol. J., 11: 459–469.
[9] Nazeri, M., Maali Amiri, R., Mehraban, F.H. and Khaneghah, Z. 2012. Change in Antioxidant Responses against Oxidative Damage in Black Chickpea Following Cold Acclimation. Russ. J. Plant Physiol., 59: 183–189.
[10] Bradford, M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem., 72: 248–254.
[11] Aebi, M. 1974. The role of oxidized lipoproteins in atherogenesis,” in Methods of Enzymatic Analysis (second edition), 2: 673–684.
[12] Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. & Teare, I.D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil, 39: 205–207
[13] Sharma, P., Ambuj Bhushan, J. and Shanker Dubey R. 2011. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Defense Systems in Plants Growing under Abiotic Stresses. in Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress, Pessarakli, M. Taylor and Francis Group. 90–124.
[14] Taiz, L. and Ziger, E. 2010. Plant physiology, 5th ed. Sinauer Associates, Inc.
[15] Kirrolia, A., Bishnoi, N. R. and Singh, N. 2011. Salinity as a factor affecting the physiological and biochemical traits of Scenedesmus quadricauda. J. Algal Biomass Util., 2: 28–34.
[16] Yadav, S. P., Bharadwaj, R., Nayak, H. and Mahto, R. 2019. Impact of salt stress on growth , productivity and physicochemical properties of plants : A Review. Int. J. Chem. Stud., 7: 1793–1798.
[17] Radi, A. A., Farghaly, F. A. and Hamada, A. M. 2013. Physiological and biochemical responses of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive wheat and bean cultivars to salinity. J. Biol. Earth Sci., 3: 72–88.
[18] Wu, Y., Liao, W., Dawuda, M.M., Hu, L., Yu, J. 2018. 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) alleviated salinity stress in cucumber seedlings by enhancing chlorophyll synthesis pathway. Front. Plant Sci., 9: 635.
[19] Singh, N.K., Bracker, C.A., Hasegawa, P.M., Handa, A.K., Buckel, S., Hermodson, M.A. 1987. Characterization of Osmotin : A Thaumatin-Like Protein Associated With Osmotic Adaptation in Plant Cells. Plant Physiol., 85: 529–536.
[20] Khosravinejad, F., Heydari, R. and Farboodnia, T. 2009. Effect of salinity on organic solutes contents in barley. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci., 12: 158–162.
[21] Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A. and Fares, K. 2002. Effects of salt stress on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in five sugar beet cultivars. Environ. Exp. Bot., 47: 39–50.
[22] Al-Ghumaiz, N. S., Abd-Elmoniem, E. M. and Motawei, M. I. 2017. Salt Tolerance and K/Na Ratio of Some Introduced Forage Grass Species Under Salinity Stress in Irrigated Areas. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 48: 1494–1502.
[23] Gaur, R. K. and Sharma, P. 2014. Approaches to plant stress and their management. Springer.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 23, Issue 5
September and October 2021
Pages 1091-1103