1- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ,Moosaber@gmail.com
2- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ,
Abstract: (108 Views)
Controlling insect pests through nano-based formulation of chemicals is one of the newly applied methods in IPM programs; however, the probable side impacts of nano-pesticides on non-target organisms need to be evaluated. In this study, deltamethrin and matrine were encapsulated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and chitosan (Cs), respectively, and their toxicity were investigated against Habrabracon hebetor Say using the contact method. According to the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spherical nanoparticles for both formulations were observed. The average hydrodynamic nanoparticle diameters for deltamethrin and matrine were 65 and 70.5 nm. The LC50 values were 254.48, 334.90, 760.31 and 1021 mg L-1 in PEG-encapsulated deltamethrin, commercial deltamethrin, Cs-encapsulated matrine, and commercial matrine, respectively. Exposing to the LC30 of the commercial and nano-encapsulated deltamethrin significantly prolonged the total pre-adult period. The adults of H. hebetor in PEG-encapsulated deltamethrin treatment had the lowest longevity compared to other treatments and control. Furthermore, the sublethal exposure to the PEG-based nanoformulation of deltamethrin and commercial deltamethrin resulted in a significant reduction of the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) (0.159 and 0.168 day-1, respectively). Same trend was observed for the gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (R0), and finite rate of increase (λ) of the parsitoid. Our findings indicate that the negative side effects of commercial and nano-based formulations of deltamethrin on H. hebetor should be considered in IPM programs.
Article Type: Original Research |
Subject:
Ecology and Biological Control
Received: 2024/04/27 | Accepted: 2024/01/1
Received: 2024/04/27 | Accepted: 2024/01/1
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