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Up to now lots of researches have been done about Total Quality Management in Iranian organizations but most of them have not been relyed on the perviouse researches. Disregarding the perviouse results of researches causes that the study of barriers and challenges of Iranian organization have been faced with some difficulties. The purpose of the present study is investigating the level of implementation of total quality management practices in Iranian governmental organizations with Meta analysis method so the results of 19 papers within 1381 to 1388 have been analysed. The results of the Meta analysis show the descending trend of top management and leadership, human resource management, strategic planning, structure and organizational culture and process management in Iranian governmental organizations while the trend of customer principel is increasing through these years. The results of this research show that Iranian governmental organizations should pay more attention to implement the total quality management practices in order to provide appropriate context for new managerial approaches.

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Grape is the key product of Qazvin Province and a vast amount of it is annually lost during supply chain due to various causes. This study, therefore, aimed at examining the effective and significant causes of grape losses in supply chain in Qazvin. First, to identify the main causes of the grape losses and to develop the research framework, data was gathered through some qualitative methods. Twenty-three grape growers, researchers, and experts were interviewed by research team as the key informants. Meanwhile, grounded theory techniques were employed for data analysis simultaneous with data collection processes to develop the final theory and model. In second part, the study's hypotheses and research model were formed based upon the developed theory. Then, to examine the research model, Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling and Important-Performance Matrix Analysis techniques were used. The population involved/affected in this part was grape growers from five districts of Qazvin Province. The sample consisted of 380 grape growers who were selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data collection and data was analyzed with the Smart-PLS 3.0. Main findings show that “management practices and resource and equipment” had significant effect on the grape losses. In accordance with Important Performance Matrix Analysis (IPMA), “extension and advisory services and management practices” are of paramount prominence. Moreover, in indicators level, providing on-farm participatory training, intelligible educational programs in local media, and financial resources, had the utmost importance in mitigating grape losses.