Tarbiat Modares University Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 1680-7073 21 5 2019 09 01 Doubled Haploid Production from Spanish and Central European Spelt by Anther Culture تولید هاپلوئید مضاعف از گندم پوشان (spelt) اسپانیایی و اروپای مرکزی با کشت بساک 1313 1324 16342 EN A. M. Castillo Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Experimental Station of Classroom Dei-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Avda Montañana 1005, 50.059 Zaragoza, Spain. S. Allue Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Experimental Station of Classroom Dei-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Avda Montañana 1005, 50.059 Zaragoza, Spain. A. Costar Departamento Genética y Producción Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei-CSIC F. Alvaro Field Crops Program, IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), Avda Alcalde Rovira 191, 25198 LLeida, Spain. M. P. Valles Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Experimental Station of Classroom Dei-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Avda Montañana 1005, 50.059 Zaragoza, Spain. Journal Article 1970 01 01 In recent years, spelt (<em>Triticum aestivum </em>(L.) ssp. <em>Spelta</em>) has become an added-value alternative crop to modern wheat. Spanish spelt constitutes a unique separate gene pool from central European germplasm. The availability of spelt Doubled Haploid (DH) production protocol is a great advantage to speed up breeding programs. This is the first study evaluating the ability of DH plant production, by anther culture, of five Spanish spelt landraces and three F₅ lines derived from Spanish spelt x bread wheat crosses. Two central European commercial varieties were also included in the analysis. DH plants were obtained from all material with the exception of one F₅ line. The Spanish spelt landraces produced more embryos/100 anthers (73-166.3) than the two European varieties (8.6-22.2). The main bottleneck in the Spanish germplasm was the high number of albino plants regenerated, with percentage of green plants lower than 13% in three of the landraces. Nevertheless, up to 15.6 and 1.8 green plants/100 anthers were obtained from the Spanish and the central European germplasm, respectively. A great variation in the percentage of spontaneous chromosome doubling was obtained, with 4 lines producing around 80% and 2 lines less than 15%. The ovary genotype used for anther co-culture is a critical factor to increase the efficiency of the system. Bread wheat ‘Caramba’ ovaries increased almost 6 times the number of green plants as compared to spelt landrace ‘BG-1987’ ovaries. This study shows that DH plants can be produced efficiently from Spanish spelt to be used in breeding programs.<br> https://jast.modares.ac.ir/article_16342_612d1d91c87e0a19c048f3daa38676fd.pdf