Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
JAST
Agriculture
http://jast.modares.ac.ir
1
admin
1680-7073
2345-3737
10.22034/jast
en
jalali
1398
4
1
gregorian
2019
7
1
21
4
online
1
fulltext
en
مدیریت آفت های پنبه با تلفیق آفتکش های جدید باTrichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Integration of Selected Novel Pesticides with Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for Management of Pests in Cotton
<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در این پژوهش، چند آفتکش منتخب که برای کنترل آفت های عمده پنیه در جهان رایج است از نظر تلفیق با </span></span></span><em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Trichogramma chilonis</span></span></em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (Ishii)</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> ارزیابی شد. بر اساس نتایج، میانگین ظهور(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">mean emergence</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) در مورد </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Chlorantraniliprole </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، در هر دو دُز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">6.25x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">9.4x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و هنگامی که تخم های میزبان </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(<em>Sitotroga cerealella </em>Olivier)</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> در مرحله لارو و شفیره پارازیتویید تیمار شده بود به ترتیب نزدیک به 82-79% و 91-87% بود. همچنین، ویروس </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(HaNPV) </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میانگین ظهور را در تیمار مرحله شفیره در هر دو دُز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">12.5x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">6.25x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بین 80% تا84% نشان داد. نیز، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Spiromesifen </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میانگین ظهور را بین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">82.35% </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تا </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">88.55% </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در دُز های </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">5x</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">0.5x</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> در تیمارهای مراحل تخم و شفیره ودر دُز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">8.3x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در مرحله شفیره نشان داد. در هنگامی که پارازیتویید در مرحله لاروی تیمار شد، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Spiromesifen </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منجر به میانگین ظهور</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">88.20% </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">79.52% </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به ترتیب در دُزهای </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">2x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">5x</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> شد. هنگامی که هر </span></span></span><em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">T. chilonis</span></span></em> <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ماده در معرض تخم قبلا تیمار شده میزبان</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(<em>S. cerealella</em>)</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">قرار میگرفت، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">chlorantraniliprole</span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> در دُزهای </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">5x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">3.13x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منجر به میانگین پارازیتیزم در تعداد 88/17 تا 88/20 عدد از تخم پارازیت شده میزبان شد، در حالیکه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">spiromesifen </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در دُز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">10.4x </span></span><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منجر به میانگین پارازیتیزم در تعداد 20/7 تخم میزبان شد و تاثیر معناداری روی پارازیتیزم پارازیتویید نشان داد. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که آفتکش های آزمون شده برعلیه ظهور، هیچ اثر سمی عمده ای برای پارازیتویید نداشتند.</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span>
Selected pesticides widely used worldwide to control key pests on cotton plants were evaluated for integration with the <em>Trichogramma chilonis</em> (Ishii). Chlorantraniliprole showed a mean emergence of approximately 79˗˗82 and 87˗˗91% at both 6.25x and 9.4x doses when host eggs (<em>Sitotroga cerealella </em>Olivier) were treated at larval and pupal stage of parasitoids, respectively. <em>Helicoverpa armigera</em> <em>NucleoPolyhedroses Virus</em> (HaNPV) revealed mean emergence ranging from 80 to 84% at both 12.5x and 6.25x doses in the pupal stage treatment. Spiromesifen demonstrated mean emergence approximately ranging from 82.35 to 88.55% at 5x, x, and 0.5x doses in both the egg and pupal stage treatments, and in addition at 8.3X dose in the pupal stage treatment. Spiromesifen led to mean emergence of 88.20 and 79.52% at 2x and 5x doses, respectively, when parasitoid was treated at larval stage. When individual <em>T. chilonis</em> females were exposed to the previously treated host eggs (<em>S. cerealella</em>), chlorantraniliprole resulted in mean parasitism ranging from 17.88 to 20.88 parasitized host eggs at both 5x and 3.13x doses, while spiromesifen led to mean parasitism of 7.20 parasitized host eggs at 10.4x dose and showed significant effect on parasitism by parasitoid. The results indicated that the pesticides tested against emergence exhibited no significant toxic effects on the parasitoid.
Chlorantraniliprole, Emergence, Integration, Parasitism, Trichogramma chilonis.
873
882
http://jast.modares.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-23-21789-1&slc_lang=en&sid=23
M. A.
Khan
1003194753284600225240
1003194753284600225240
Yes
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
DES, University of Peshawar