Volume 16, Issue 6 (2014)                   JAST 2014, 16(6): 1267-1277 | Back to browse issues page

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Moradi Kafraj M, Movahed Mohammadi S H. Challenges of Women’s Career Advancement in Iranian Agricultural Extension Organization. JAST 2014; 16 (6) :1267-1277
URL: http://jast.modares.ac.ir/article-23-4595-en.html
1- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract:   (5853 Views)
Since women hold a small share in Iranian agricultural extension administration, it is necessary to seriously facilitate women's participation in development programs and improve the policy of job opportunities and educational equity. The purpose of this study was to identify the challenges of women's career advancement in Iranian Agricultural Extension Organization (AEO). Survey study was applied as the methodology of research. The statistical sample consisted of 135 female agricultural field officers in AEO. Statistical sample was selected through stratified random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used as the research instrument. The face validity of the instrument was confirmed by a panel of specialists. Questionnaire reliability was estimated by calculating Cronbach's Alpha (α= 0.92). The results showed that: "giving key positions to men", "offering routine and simple tasks to women", " limited willingness of male colleagues toward women career advancement "," administrators’ weak belief in female experts' competencies ", and" limitation to visit villages" were recognized as the first five preventive variables by respondents. Also,based on factor analysis, attitudinal aspects, male-dominated organizational structure, time limitation, and adaptive factors were recognized. Under a collection of preventative challenges such as managerial discrimination, negative attitudes and norms regarding women’s role and abilities, severe conflict between work and family duties and personal willing, the female experts have low share in managerial positions in AEO. Therefore, the empowering plans must be focused on these areas.
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Article Type: Research Paper | Subject: Agricultural Extension and Education
Received: 2012/09/25 | Accepted: 2014/01/29 | Published: 2014/11/1

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