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Olive grows in the mid-latitudes in the world and in areas with Mediterranean climate. Olive is one of the important agricultural products in Mediterranean Basin and Turkey. Its contribution to economy makes it valuable to determine the genetic relations among different olive varieties. In this study, genetic variations among 13 different olive cultivars were determined through 22 ISSR primers by obtaining valuable bands from 7 of them. The cultivars were mainly Turkish, namely, Edremit, Gemlik, Domat, Uslu, Çilli, Eşek, Kaba, Çekişte Nazilli, Memecik, Tavşan Yüreği, Halhalı, Manzanilla, and Çekişte Bozdoğan, grown in different regions. Totally, 92 bands were obtained and it was observed that all of these were polymorphic. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC), Marker Index (MI), and Resolving Power (RP) averaged 0.19, 2.36 and 2.73 per primer, respectively, showing the high efficiency and reliability of the markers used. In conclusion to ISSR markers analyses as the number of polymorphic loci, genetic diversity and olive relationships through UPGMA and Neighbor Joining dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance and PCO, it was observed that Tavşan Yüreği and Halhalı varieties formed one set and Çekişte Nazilli and Manzanilla varieties formed another set together.

Keywords: Neighbor Joining, Olea europaea sativa L, Principal coordinate analysis, UPGMA

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