A Comparison of Grafting Methods for the Production of Quality Planting Material of Promising Cornelian Cherry Selections (Cornus mas L.) in Serbia

Authors
S. M. Bijelić
S. B. Cerović
B. R. Gološin
B. V. Bogdanović
Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Trg D. Obradović 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Abstract
The Cornelian cherry is one of those less common but, nevertheless, interesting fruit species found in Serbia which can be used both for food and medicine. Due to a great importance of Cornelian cherry fruits as safe food and a wide interest in growing this fruit species, this research was focused on examining the production technique of quality planting material of particularly large-fruit selections of Cornelian cherry in Serbia. In the region and even beyond, there are no Cornelian cherry plantations due to a lack of planting material. To that end, the best Cornelian cherry selections selected in Serbia were grafted onto generative rootstocks of a Cornelian cherry in two periods: I (bud grafting in August) and II (spring whip grafting in April ), and the success of grafting, the effect of grafting period, and quality of produced nursery stock were assessed. The study of five large-fruit genotypes (CPC16, APRANI, BACKA, R1 and PPC1) during two years (2011 and 2012) showed that, on average, bud grafting in August (69.38%) was statistically significantly more successful than whip grafting in April (25.33%). The greatest grafting success was achieved in the period I with APRANI (83.62%) and BACKA (76.42%), while the poorest success was with CPC16 (21.67%) in the period II. On average, other examined parameters of young tree quality (height, diameter of plants, number and length of formed roots) did not indicate any statistically significant differences between the grafting periods. In this research, a technology was established for producing quality young trees of the Cornelian cherry.

Keywords

1. Akalin, M. K., Tekin, K. and Karagoz, S. 2012. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Cornelian Cherry Stones for Bio-Oil Production. Bioresource Technol., 110: 682-687.
2. Bijelić, S. 2011. Pomological Characterization of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes in Natural Populations. PhD thesis, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agronomy.
3. Bijelić, S., Gološin, B., Ninić-Todorović, J. and Cerović, S. 2011a. Morphological Characteristics of Best Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes Selected in Serbia. Genet. Resour. Crop Ev., 58 (5): 689-695.
4. Bijelić, S., Gološin, B., Ninić-Todorović, J., Cerović, S. and Popović, B. 2011b. Physicochemical Fruit Characteristics of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes from Serbia. Hort. Science, 46 (6): 849-853.
5. Bosančić, B. 2009. Domestification and Morphological Variation in Wild and Cultivated Populations of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) in the Area of the Drvar Valley, Bosnia and Herzegovina. International Master Programme at the Svedish Biodiversity centre, CBM Masters Thesis No. 69.
6. Brindza, P., Brindza, J., Tóth, D., Klimenko, S. V. and Grigorieva, O. 2009. Biological and Commercial Characteristics of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Population in the Gemer Region of Slovakia. I Int Symp on Pomegranate and Minor Mediterranean Fruits Acta Hort 818: 85-94.
7. Celep, E., Aydin, A., Kirmizibekmez, H. and Yesilada, E. 2013. Appraisal of in Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant Activity Potential of Cornelian Cherry Leaves. Food Chem. Toxicol., 62: 448-455.
8. Ďurkovič, J. 2008. Micropropagation of Mature Cornus mas cv. Macrocarpa. Trees, 22: 597-602.
9. Ekaterina, 2008. Where There Is a Cornelian Cherry, a Doctor Is Not Required. Garden, No. http://fermer02.ru/earth/sotok/268-tam-gde-est-kizil-lekar-ne-nuzhen.html
10. Ercisli, S. 2004. Cornelian Cherry Germplasm Resources of Turkey. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res., 12: 87 – 92.
11. Ercisli, S., Orhan, E., Esitken, A., Yildirim, N. and Agar, G. 2008. Relationships among Some Cornelian Cherry Genotypes (Cornus mas L.) based on RAPD Analysis. Genet. Resour. Crop Ev., 55: 613-618.
12. Gunduz, K., Saracoglu, O., Ozgen, M. and Serce, S. 2013. Antioxidant, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Cornelian Cherry Fruits (Cornus mas L.) at Different Stages of Ripeness. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 12 (4): 59-66.
13. Hassanpour, H., Hamidoghli, Y., Hajilo, J. and Adlipour, M. 2011. Antioxidant Capacity and Phytochemical Properties of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes in Iran. Sci. Hort., 129: 459-463.
14. Hassanpour, H., Hamidoghli, Y. and Samizadeh, H., 2012. Some Fruit Characteristics of Iranian Cornelian Cherries (Cornus mas L.). Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot., 40 (1): 247-252.
15. Karadeniz, T. 2002. Selection of Native Cornelian Cherries Grown in Turkey. J. Am. Pomol. Soc., 56 (3): 164-167.
16. Klimenko S. 1990: Cornelian Cherry in Ukraine. Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine.
17. Klimenko, S. 2004. Genetic Collections of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.): Collection, Preservation, Use. Protection of Genetic Resources of Pomological Plants and Selection of Genitors with Traits Valuable for Sustainable Fruit Production. Book of Abstract, Skierniewice, Poland.
18. Maghradze, D., Abashidze, E., Bobokashvili, Z., Tchipashvili, R. and Maghlakelidze, E. 2009. Cornelian Cherry in Georgia. Acta Horticulturae, 818:65-72.
19. Popović, B., Štajner, D., Kevrešan, S. and Bijelić, S. 2012. Antioxidant Capacity of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) - Comparison between Permanganate Reducing Antioxidant Capacity and Other Antioxidant Methods. Food Chem., 134 (2): 734-741.
20. Řezníček, V. 2007. Growth and Yield Characteristics of a Selected Collection of Varieties Cornelian Cherry Cornus mas L. Int Conf Vaccinium spp. and Less Known Small Fruits: Cultivation and health benefit and COST 863 Euroberry Research: from Genomics to Sustainable Production, Quality and Health, Joint Meeting WG 3&4, IPGB SAS, Nitra, Slovak Republic. Book of abstracts, p. 60-61.
21. Rop, O., Mlcek, J., Kramarova, D. and Jurikova, T. 2010. Selected Cultivars of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) as a New Food Source for Human Nutrition. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 9 (8): 1205-1210.
22. StatSoft Inc. 2012. STATISTICA (data analysis software system) www.statsoft.com
23. Yalcinkaya, E., Erbil, Y. and Ufuk, S. 1999. Studies on Propagation Methods the Cornelian Cherry (Pub. No. 131) Atatürk Central Horticultural Research Institute Yalova, Anual Report 1998/99.
24. Yilmaz, K. U., Zengin, Y., Ercisli, S., Orhan, E., Yalcinkaya, E., Taner, O. and Erdogan, A. 2009a. Biodiversity, Ex-Situ Conservation and Characterization of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes in Turkey. Biotech, Biotech Equipment, Diagnosis Press, 23 (1): 1143-1149.
25. Yilmaz, K. U., Ercisli, S., Zengin, Y., Sengul, M. and Kafkas, E. Y. 2009b. Preliminary Characterisation of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes for Their Physico-chemical Properties. Food Chem. 14: 408-412.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
Volume 18, Issue 1
January and February 2016
Pages 223-231